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Directions:  The following is a collection of some of America's writers, chosen as favorites by English Advanced Placement* teachers across the United States.  These writings meet the requirements of an AP English syllabus set forth in the Acorn Book, 2001-2002:  they "come in a variety of formsónarrative, exploratory, expository, argumentativeóand on a variety of subjects from personal experiences to public policies, from imaginative literature to pop culture" (Acorn 7).  Each of the writings is arranged into special categories.  Included with each category are optional assignments.  In every case it is important to analyze how these writers of literary merit go beyond formulaic writing to write well.

Part I:  On Writing

While reading the works that follow, make a list of hints shared by the writer about how to write.  When writing samples are supplied, list some of the elements observed in these writings that  distinguish them as good writing.  Title the list "What is Good Writing?"  Keep an on-going list that you can use as a reference for your own mastery of the basic elements of writing.

Works Cited
Keep a Working Bibliography for any of the links read.  Use the information in the links below as a guide.
Online Citations
MLA Documentation

Works

Margaret Atwood
           On Writing Poetry (Waterstoneís Poetry Lecture)
                   Delivered at Hay On Wye, Wales, June 1995
On Writing
Robert Olen Butler
Watch a Pulitzer Prize Winner Create an Original Story (Florida State University)
Joan Didion
Excerpts from "Why I Write"
Annie Dillard
Ideas are Tough;  Irony is Easy
Annie Dillard Quotes
"Transfiguration"
"How I Wrote the Moth Essay--And Why"
William Faulkner
Nobel Peace Acceptance Speech
Nadine Gordimer
"Writing and Being"  Nobel Lecture, December 7, 1991
Seamus Heaney
"Crediting Poetry"  Nobel Lecture, December 7, 1995
Garrison Keillor
How I Write
Martin Luther King
Martin Luther King's Nobel Prize Acceptance Speech (December 10, 1964)
Toni Morrison
Nobel Lecture
George Orwell
Politics and the English Language
Scott Russell Sanders
Why We'll Always Need a Good Story
The Writer on Her Work
Excerpts from the Volume 1
Excerpts from Volume 2
Buy the at Amazon.com:
The Writer on her Work, Volume 1
The Writer on her Work, Volume 2
Anna Quindlen
Anna Quindlen's Fiction Addiction
Richard Wilbur
"The Writer"

Part II:  Analyzing the Pulitzer Prize Winners

These pulitzer prize writing examples can be used to practice close reading and timed writing.  Click on the name to find the examples of works for each writer.  Use the prompts provided with each writer to guide the the analysis--the reading writing, and thinking process.

Works Cited
Keep a Working Bibliography for any of the links read.  Use the information in the links below as a guide.
Online Citations
MLA Documentation

While reading a number of these works, continue to make a list of some of the elements observed in these writings that  distinguish them as good writing.  Title the list "What is Good Writing?"

Ron Suskind 1995

The following stories published in TheWall Street Journal were awarded first prize in "Feature Writing."  Read these articles carefully.  Then write a carefully nuanced essay that analyzes how Suskind's rhetoric and style illustrate the plight of the inner-city honor students in Washington, D. C., and their determination to survivie and prosper.
Jim Dwyer 1995
The following commentary published in Newsday were awarded first prize.  Read "___" (select one) carefully.  Then write a well-organized essay that analyzes how Dwyer's rhetoric and style paint a compelling and passionate picture of New York City in 1995.
Rick Bragg 1996
The following distinguished examples of feature writing, published in The New York Times, was awarded first prize.  Read " ___" (select one).  Then write a carefully nuanced essay that analyzes how Bragg's rhetoric and style create an elegant picture of contempoaray America.
E. R. Shipp 1996
The following commentaries published in the New YorkDaily News were awarded first prize.  Read "___" (select one).  Then write a well-organized essay that analyzes how Shipp's rhetoric and style helps to create penetrating insights about race, welfare, or some other social issue.
Lisa Pollak 1997
The following distinguished example of feature writing, published in The Baltimore Sun, was awarded first prize.  Read "The Umpire's Son" carefully.  Then write a well-organized essay that analyzes how Pollak's rhetoric and style creates a compelling portrait of a baseball umpire who endured the death of a son while knowing that the other son suffers from the same deadly genetic disease.
Eileen McNamara 1997
The following commentaries published in The Boston Globe were awarded first prize.  Read "___" (select one).  Then write a well-organized essay that analyzes how the rhetoric and style of one of McNamara's many sided columns is used to raise the Boston public's consciousness about an issue that she feels should be important to them.
Thomas French 1998
The following distinguished example of feature writing, published in The St. Petersburg Times,  was awarded first prize.  Read Angels and Demons carefully.  Then write a well-organized essay that analyzes how French's rhetoric and style creates a compassionate narrative portrait of a mother and two daughters slain on a Florida vacation, and the three-year investigation into their murders.
J.R. Moehringer 2000
The following story published in The Los Angeles Times were awarded first prize in "Feature Writing."  Read "Crossing Over" carefully.  Then write a carefully nuanced essay that analyzes how Moehringer's rhetoric and style illustrate the plight of the isolated river community in Gee's Bend, Alabama where many descendants of slaves live, and how a proposed ferry to the mainland might change it.
National Reporting - The New York Times Staff 2001
The following distinguished examples of national reporting, published in The New YorkTimes,  was awarded first prize.  Read the articles about "How Race is Lived in Ameruca" carefully.  Then write a well-organized essay that compares and contrasts how each writer's language choices create a compelling and memorable series exploring racial experiences and attitudes across contemporary America.
Tom Hallman, Jr.  2001
The following distinguished example of feature writing, published in The Oregonian, was awarded first prize.  Read the four articles about "The Boy Behind the Mask" carefully.  Then write a well-organized essay that analyzes how Hallman's rhetoric and style creates a compelling portrait of a boy who elects to have life-threatening surgery in an effort to improve his appearance.

Part III:  Evaluating and Writing the Personal Essay

According to The 2000 English Language Chief Examiner, students need to spend more time on the construction of argument, using critical thinking, not templates of formulaic writing to be successful.  They should also write about their own experience, using "I" with confidence, resisting the formulaic.  The following assignments are a step toward solving these problems:

Step One:  Becoming Informed

One of the three essays in English AP* Language and Composion Examination is the Defend, Challenge, or Qualify essay.  Here you have to respond intelligently to an aphorism, a brief, sometimes clever saying that expresses a principle, truth or observation about life.  The catch is, you do not know which aspect of life they will use to test you.  Therefore, throughout the year you must become informed on a wide range of important issues.  There are three ways to gain this sort of intelligence:  Observe the actions and reactions of people around you, take an inventory of your own personal beliefs and how you achieved them, and (most importantly) READ!  Read a wide variety of subject matter representing all of the diverse cultures of our nation.  Read works of literary merit that are challenging because of their richness of thought and diverse manipulations of language.

The following writers have regular columns in major newspapers or magazines across the United States.  All are known for their fresh insightful commentary.  As you read, note what these leaders have to say about the various important issues of our society today. Make a chart that aligns the writers with these issues.  Become informed!

Step Two:  Evaluating the Argument

Assignment 2:  Before you read the articles, read the information in this link, to identify the rules of good argument:
                                        Identifying the Argument of an Essay,  A Tutorial in Critical Reasoning

Assignment 3:  Before you read the articles, read the information below to learn the types of questions that need to be asked in evaluating arguments.

LOGOS -

What arguments (logical reasoning) are made?  Do the examples used meet the USA ARR's Test (Are the examples unified, specific, adequate, accurate, relative, and representative?)  Does the author represent the important opposing arguments fairly?  This is usually mentioned early, then refuted throughout the remainder of the essay by confirmation and amplification.  Does the author use  specific examples, detailed description, quotations from authorities, facts, statistics, etc. that meet the USA AR's test?  Does the author's use of amplification (widening of perspectives through analogies, comparisons or other aspects of experience) meet the USA AR's test?  Are there any omissions?  Does the writer (speaker or presenter) misuse the evidence or sabotage or distort the argument by relying on any  illogical fallacies?

PATHOS -

Does the author arouse desires useful to the persuader's purpose and demonstrate how these desires can be satisfied by acceptance of the persuaderís assertion (proposition or proposal or claim)?  Does the author's summary include an arousal of indignation for the opponentís view, and an arousal of sympathy for the speaker/writer's view?  Does the author (speaker or presenter) misuse the language by trying to persuade you emotionally through any dishonest propaganda techniques?
ETHOS -
Does the writer use a reasonable tone, treating the opponent  with respect by avoiding such things as illogical statements or inflammatory language?  Does the writer have some relevant experience with the issue?  Does the writer seem to have any prejudicial attitudes, sentiments, or stereotypes?  Does the writer make an attempt to embody some evidence of personal knowledge of the subject, good will toward the reader/audience, good sense, perspective,  taste in judgment, or disinterest in personal benefit?  Note the features of the writer's style:  sentences or vocabulary which was effective, too simple, or too difficult . . .  Where was the writing clear?  Where was it difficult to track? Where was the language appropriate or inappropriate for the intended audience?

Assignment 4:  As you read the articles be sure to evaluate their arguments only accepting what they say as truth if they have followed the rules for good argument.

Essays

Addison and Steele
Essays from The Spectator  (1711-14)
Mitch Albom
A complete archive of his work in the Detroit Free Press
John Balzar
Recent Columns in the Los Angeles Times
Rick Bragg
An excerpt from Rick Bragg's  Ava's Man
Maureen Dowd
From the Archives of the New York Times
Elizabeth Drew
The Real Struggle for Political Power in America (May 15, 1997)
Creative Quotations
Ralph Waldo Emerson
Twelve Essential Essays by Emerson
First Amendment Publications
freedomforum.org
Ellen Goodman
A Month of Ellen Goodman at The Boston Globe
Ellen Goodman Archives at The Washington Post Writers Group
Barbara Kingsolver
"A Pure, High Note of Anguish" (Los Angeles Times-September 23, 2001)
H. L. Mencken (1880 - 1956)
Quotations
On Being an American
Leonard Pitts, Jr..
  ADDRESS TO THE AESC - Social Broccoli: The Case For Diversity
Neil Postman
Excerpts of His Writings on the Web
Anna Quindlen
Three Sample Essays from Newsweek
Anna Quindlen's Commencement Speech at Mount Holyoke College on MAY 23, 1999
William Rasberry
Recent Columns at The Washington Post
From The Washington Post Online
Rick Reilly
The Life of Reilly--Achives of Last Columns from Sports Illustrated
Great American Speeches
80 Years of Political Oratory
Brent Staples
Essay on Racial Identy
"Black Men and Public Spaces"
Barbara Tuchman
Selected Quotes on History and Government
E. B. White
Here's New York
Once More to the Lake
George Will
The Last Word:  George Will Column in Newsweek

Speeches

Speech Anthology
Great American Speeches
Mark Twain
Mark Twain's Speeches
The History Place
Great Speeches Collection
Gifts of Speech
Women's Speeches from Around the World
 
 

Step Three:  Writing a Personal Essay

A.  Pick a Topic
Using Speeches and Documents Listed By Issue  pick a topic that has at least 7 articles on the same topic.

B.  Divide into Subtopics
Read each of the articles, noting how each covers the same topic differently.  Name the subtopic of each article.

C.  Make an Outline
Group the articles by similar subtopics.

C.  Make an Essay Prompt.
Model your prompt after the one below:

In the following, Leo Tolstoy writes:

"Everyone thinks of changing the world, but no one thinks of changing themselves."

Read the aphorism carefully.  Then write a carefully reasoned essay that defends, challenges, or qualifies this assertion.  Use evidence from you reqding to support your stance.

Find you own aphorism.

Select one of the issues from assignment 1.  Write an assertion about this issue made by one of the writers.  Then write a good argument that defends, challenges, or qualifies the assertion.  Use evidence from your reading (use the chart to find writers have have different stances on the same issue), your observations, and your personal experience to develop your stance.
 
 

Assignment 5:  Using the site, Attack on America,  for all your research, write a well-documented research paper on the effectiveness of the media's coverage of the tragic event.

Assignment 6:  Read from the selections below.  Define the assertions made by each of the writers.  Then write a good argument that defends, challenges, or qualifies each assertion.  Use evidence from your reading (use the chart to find writers have have different stances on the same issue), your observations, and your personal experience to develop your stance.
 
 

Part IV:  Satire / Irony / Ambiguity

According to The 2000 English Literature Chief Examiner, the detection of "irony" is a threatened skill . . . students display a reluctance to engage any text with "rich uncertainties" and "unresolved indeterminacies" . . . and careless misreading of textx are a problem.  The following assignments are a step toward solving these problems:

Assignment 1:  Click on satire irony    and  ambiguity.       Using these dictionary.com entries, write a definition for each.  Then use some of the quotations from the site called Serious Sarcasm as examples that help to illustrate the definitions of these words.

Assignment 2:  These richly written articles can be used to practice close reading and timed writing.  Use the following general prompt to guide the reading writing, and thinking process:  Read "___" (select one online article at a time) carefully.  Then write a carefully processed essay which analyzes how the satire, irony, or ambiguity of the author's writing conveys a deeper message than what was able to grasped at first.

Note to schoolhousebooksweb.com subscribers:  Part IV is sadly incomplete.  Email new suggestions to School House Books.

Margaret Atwood
An End to an Audience
Russell Baker
Here to Stay
Judy Brady
Why I Want a Wife
Joan Didion
Marrying Absurd
On Self Respect
Nancy Mairs
On Being a Cripple
George Orwell
Shooting an Elephant
Neil Postman
Future Schlock
Jonathan Swift
A Modest Proposal

























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